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ACT 4 SCENE 1
EXTRACT 1
PROSPERO. If I have too austerely punish’d you,
Your compensation makes amends, for I
Have given you here a third of mine own life,
Or that for which I live; who once again
I tender to thy hand. All thy vexations
Were but my trials of thy love, and thou
Hast strangely stood the test. Here, afore Heaven,
I ratify this my rich gift. O Ferdinand,
Do not smile at me that I boast her off,
For thou shalt find she will outstrip all praise
And make it halt behind her.
(I). Where is Prospero? Who else are with him?
Ans: Prospero is at before his cell. Miranda and Ferdinand is with him.
(II).How has Prospero punished Ferdinand? Why was it severe, physically and psychologically?
Ans: Prospero has rebuffed Ferdinand by giving him different errands, for example, conveying and accumulating logs, and so forth. These undertakings were serious, genuinely and mentally on the grounds that it was crafted by individual work not of a ruler's child. Prospero gave him such an assignment so as to check his quality and genuine romance towards Miranda.
(III).How does Prospero compensate Ferdinand for the punishment borne by the latter?
Ans: Prospero says Ferdinand that I have given you extreme discipline, so as to test and get the legitimate spouse for my girl. Later on, Prospero repays Ferdinand by giving his girl to Ferdinand, in the observer of paradise.
(IV).What is referred to as "thy vexations"? State how has Ferdinand stood the test? What was his consolation?
Ans: "Thy vexations" refers to the trouble and punishment which Prospero gave to Ferdinand. Ferdinand stood well and passed the test. His consolation was Miranda which he got after passing several tests.
(V).Why does Prospero ask Ferdinand not to smile at him?
Ans: Prospero asks Ferdinand not to smile at him for praising Miranda highly because as per him Ferdinand will find that Miranda surpasses all acclaim given to her.
(VI). Give the meaning of the following words as they are used in the context of the passage:
(a) amends: compensate or make up for wrong doing
(b) outstrip: move faster and overtake
EXTRACT 2
FERDINAND. I do believe it
Against an oracle.
PROSPERO. Then, as my gift, and thine own acquisition
Worthily purchas’d, take my daughter.
Sit then and talk with her; she is thine own.
What, Ariel! My industrious servant, Ariel!
Enter ARIEL.
ARIEL. What would my potent master? here I am.
PROSPERO. Thou and thy meaner fellows your last
service
Did worthily perform; and I must use you
In such another trick. Go bring the rabble,
(O’er whom I give thee pow’r) here to this place.
Incite them to quick motion, for I must
Bestow upon the eyes of this young couple
Some vanity of mine art. It is my promise,
And they expect it from me.
(I).What is an oracle? What is it that Ferdinand believes even against an oracle?
Ans: Prophet is a cleric who goes about as a medium through whom guidance was looked for from the Gods. Ferdinand doesn't accept that Prospero has given his little girl, Miranda to him.
(II). What was "thine own acquisition, worthily purchased"? How was it purchased?
Ans: Miranda as "thine own acquisition" was worthily purchased. It was gifted by Prospero to Ferdinand for the punishment and test he has passed.
(III).Why was Ariel summoned all of a sudden? Who are the rabble? What were the rabble asked to do?
Ans: Ariel has been summoned all of a sudden because he had been asked by Prospero to bring every single other soul who had helped him in his task. Riffraff alludes to every single other soul which had helped Prospero in his prior tasks. They all are approached to assemble as Prospero needs to show a fast presentation of his enchanted forces to the two youthful sweethearts.
(IV). What is the vanity of Prospero's art? How is it presented?
Ans: Vanity of Prospero's art is the display of his magical powers to young couples. It is to be introduced together by every single other soul for Ferdinand and Miranda in light of the fact that Prospero needed to show them a display of his capacity.
(V).What does Ariel say that Prospero's command will be carried without any delay?
Ans: Ariel says that Prospero's order will be conveyed immediately in light of the fact that Ariel was a soul and he can follow Prospero's orders before he relaxes.
(VI). Give the meaning of the following words as they are used in the context of the passage
(a) industrious: diligent and hard-working
(b) potent: great power
EXTRACT 3
IRIS. Ceres, most bounteous lady, thy rich leas
Of wheat, rye, barley, vetches, oats, and pease;
Thy turfy mountains, where live nibbling sheep,
And flat meads thatch’d with stover, them to keep;
Thy banks with pioned and twilled brims,
Which spungy April at thy hest betrims,
To make cold nymphs chaste crowns; and thy broomgroves,
Whose shadow the dismissed bachelor loves,
Being lass-lorn; thy pole-clipt vineyard,
And thy sea-marge, sterile and rocky-hard,
Where thou thyself dost air—the Queen o’ the sky,
Whose wat’ry arch and messenger am I,
Bids thee leave these, and with her sovereign Grace,
Here on this grass-plot, in this very place,
To come and sport. Her peacocks fly amain.
Approach, rich Ceres, her to entertain.
(I).Who is Iris? Whom does she invoke?
Ans: Iris is the rainbow-bearing delivery person sent by her fancy woman Juno-the sovereign of the sky. She summons Ceres, the goddess of the field and earth.
(II).How does Iris describe the fields, mountains, and riverbanks?
Ans: Iris portrays fields as rich ranches of wheat, rye, grain, oats and peas, and depicts slopes as where the sheep nibble and depict riverbanks as that shrouded in plants and branches.
(III).Who is Juno? Who is her messenger? What does the messenger tell Ceres on behalf of Juno?
Ans: Juno is the queen of the sky. Her messenger is Iris, and she tells Ceres on behalf of Juno to leave fields, mountains, and riverbanks and join the celebration of two lovers while blessing them
(IV).Quote any two lines from the extract to state how a natural scenery is described.
Ans: "Thy rich leas Of wheat, rye, barley, vetches, oats, and peas; Thy turfy mountains, where live nibbling sheep" These lines show us the natural beauty described in the extract. These lines describe the natural scenery as farms of wheat, rye, barley oats, and mountains are described as grassy hills where nibbling sheep sleeps.
(V). Show how attractive is nature Ceres'care.
Ans: Nature is depicted appealing under Ceres' consideration who is the goddess of mother earth and deals with homesteads of rich wheat, grain and oats, mountains where the snacking sheep dozes and stream keeps money with rock coastline.
(VI).Give the meaning of the following words as they are used in the context of the passage:
(a) spongy: like a sponge
(b) watery arch: rainbow
EXTRACT 4
CERES. Hail, many-colored messenger, that ne’er
Dost disobey the wife of Jupiter;
Who with thy saffron wings upon my flow’rs
Diffusest honey-drops, refreshing show’rs,
And with each end of thy blue bow dost crown
My bosky acres and my unshrubb’d down,
Rich scarf to my proud earth—why hath thy Queen
Summon’d me hither, to this short-grass’d blue?
IRIS. A contract of true love to celebrate,
And some donation freely to estate
On the bless’d lovers.
(I).Who is the messenger and who is Jupiter?
Ans: The messenger is Iris and Jupiter is the chief God in Roman mythology. His wife's name is Juno, and Iris is Juno's messenger.
(II).What does Ceres say about the messenger? What question does Ceres ask the messenger at the end of her speech?
Ans: Ceres welcomes Iris by valuing her brilliant wings, which sprinkles dew drops on blossoms and says her that you curve your hued bows over my lush fields and green knolls. Ceres asks Iris, the delivery person, why has your sovereign, Juno called me here at this lush spot.
(III).What does Iris do to the mother earth?
Ans: Iris has enriched the mother earth by sprinkling dewdrops and shower on blossoms. He likewise angled the hued bow over the lush fields and green glades.
(IV).How does the extract above describe the rain and the rainbow?
Ans: In the above extract, the downpour is portrayed as sprinkling dewdrops and shower on blossoms, while rainbow is depicted as the brilliant curve bowing over the wooden fields and verdant glades.
(V).Why has Ceres been avoiding the company of Venus and her blind son?
Ans: Ceres has been maintaining a strategic distance from the organization of Venus and her child Cupid in light of the fact that once Pluto, the divine force of death stole away her little girl Prosperina, with the assistance of Venus and her child Cupid.
(VI).Give the meaning of the following words as they are used in the context of the passage:
(a) contract: agreement
(b) estate: expensive area of land in a country
EXTRACT 5
IRIS. Of her society
Be not afraid. I met her Deity
Cutting the clouds towards Paphos; and her son
Dove-drawn with her. Here thought they to have done
Some wanton charm upon this man and maid,
Whose vows are, that no bed-right shall be paid
Till Hymen’s torch be lighted; but in vain,
Mars’s hot minion is return’d again;
Her waspish-headed son has broke his arrows,
Swears he will shoot no more, but play with sparrows,
And be a boy right out.
(I).Why needn't Ceres be afraid of the company of Venus or her son?
Ans: Ceres need not to fear the organization of Venus and her child since Iris has met Venus and her child Cupid on their approach to home in Paphos, in a carriage pulled by pigeons.
(II).What magic charm did Venus and her son plan against Ferdinand and Miranda? What was its result?
Ans: Venus and her child arranged a naughty stunt on Ferdinand and Miranda who had sworn not rest together till their big day, yet their stunt fizzled, and Venus with his child Cupid returned home back and Cupid broke every one of his bolts swearing that now he will never shoot anybody again, and would play with winged animals like different young men.
(III).Who is Hymen? Why is he referred to in the extract? Who is Mars and Mars', minion?
Ans: Hymen was the God of marriages and he was supposed to be carrying a lamp which was lighted when marriage was solemnized. Mars and Mars' minion refers to Venus, the wife of Mars.
(IV).Why is Cupid said to be waspish-headed? What is said about him in this context?
( Ans: Cupid is said to be waspish-headed because he was hot-headed. It is said about him in this setting he has broken every one of his bolts and swore that he will never shoot anybody again and would rather play with winged creatures like different young men.
(V).How does Ceres know that Juno is coming on the scene?
Ans: Ceres came to know that Juno is coming on the scene because she knew his walk. Juno shows up in the scene and alludes to Ceres as her sister and solicitations Ceres to come and favor both the sweethearts so they live cheerfully.
(VI).Give the meaning of the following words as they are used in the context of the passage:
(a) society: company
(b) Paphos: a town in the coastal city of South West Cyprus
EXTRACT 6
JUNO. Honor, riches, marriage-blessing,
Long continuance, and increasing,
Hourly joys be still upon you!
Juno sings her blessings on you.
CERES. Earth’s increase, foison plenty,
Barns and garners never empty;
Vines with clust’ring bunches growing,
Plants with goodly burthen bowing;
Spring come to you at the farthest
In the very end of harvest!
Scarcity and want shall shun you,
Ceres’ blessing so is on you.
FERDINAND. This is a most majestic vision, and
Harmonious charmingly. May I be bold,
To think these spirits?
(I).Where does this scene take place? Why are the spirits involved in the scene?
Ans: This scene takes place on the same island, these spirits are involved in the scene because Prospero had asked his worker Ariel to assemble all the spirits who were engaged with his prior tasks as Prospero needed to introduce a demonstration of his otherworldly powers to Ferdinand and Miranda.
(II).Who is Juno? Who has invited her to come on the scene? Why?
Ans: Juno is the queen of the sky, Ariel has invited her to come on the scene, because Prospero has asked Ariel to assemble all the spirits who were engaged with him in the past tasks as he needed to introduce a mystical show to the youthful sweethearts.
(III).What does Juno say when giving her blessing to the couple?
Ans: Juno favors the couple by wishing and imploring from her heart that may they in every case live joyfully.
(IV).Who is Ceres? What does she sing about the bounty of nature?
Ans: Ceres is the goddess of horticulture and all natural products on earth. She sings that may your property consistently be loaded up with blue estates, may it bear heaps of organic products, may spring quickly come after harvest time so you generally get your natural products, may you never confront the difficulties of winter and may you live joyfully.
(V).Who arranged the majestic vision? Why was it arranged?
Ans: Prospero alongside Ceres, Juno, Iris and different spirits which helped him in his prior tasks has masterminded this superb vision. It was organized on the grounds that Prospero needed to introduce his mystical force show to Ferdinand and Miranda.
(VI).Give the meaning of the following words as they are used in the context of the passage:
(a) continuance: the state of remaining in existence or operation
(b) foison: plenty
EXTRACT 7
IRIS. You nymphs, call’d Naiades, of the windring
brooks,
With your sedg’d crowns and ever-harmless looks,
Leave your crisp channels, and on this blue land
Answer your summons; Juno does command.
Come, temperate nymphs, and help to celebrate
A contract of true love; be not too late.
Enter certain NYMPHS.
You sunburn’d sicklemen, of August weary,
Come hither from the furrow and be merry.
Make holiday; your rye-straw hats put on,
And these fresh nymphs encounter every one
In country footing.
(I).Who are Naiads? Describe their physical appearance and other qualities.
Ans: Naiads are the spirits of the streams. They are beautiful young female spirits, presiding over fountains, wells, spring, and streams.
(II).What is meant by'A contract of true love'?Who has to enter into the contract?
Ans: 'A contract of true love' means the wedding of two lovers. Ferdinand and Miranda have to enter this contract.
(III).How has he arranged the contract of true love? What steps did he take to ensure that their love was genuine?
Ans: Prospero arranged a way as needs be with the goal that Ferdinand and Miranda meet one another, and so as to guarantee that Ferdinand's affection for Miranda is certifiable, he stepped through numerous exams of Ferdinand by giving him different undertakings.
(IV).What does Iris ask the nymphs and the sickle men to do? How can you conclude from the extract that the celebration was grand?
Ans: Iris requested that the fairies go along with them in the festival by moving nimbly in their dress, and she requested that the sickle men leave their work in fields and cheer in the festival while favoring them that they in every case live cheerfully.
(V).Who are sickle men? What are they asked to do?
Ans: Sickle men are the reapers who harvest crops. It is said in the extract that they are worn out on working in the homesteads by the August's late spring. They are approached to abandon all their work and cheer in the festival of two sweethearts.
(VI).Give the meaning of the following words as they are used in the context of the passage:
(a) channels: water
(b) weary: extreme tiredness
EXTRACT 8
PROSPERO. You do look, my son, in a mov’d sort,
As if you were dismay’d; be cheerful, sir.
Our revels now are ended. These our actors
(As I foretold you) were all spirits, and
Are melted into air, into thin air,
And, like the baseless fabric of this vision,
The cloud-capp’d tow’rs, the gorgeous palaces,
The solemn temples, the great globe itself,
Yea, all which it inherit, shall dissolve,
And like this insubstantial pageant faded
Leave not a rack behind. We are such stuff
As dreams are made on; and our little life
Is rounded with a sleep.
(I).State why Ferdinand is in a moved sort.
Ans: Ferdinand is in a moved sort since he is confounded and astounded to see the unexpected change in Prospero's disposition.
(II).Why did Prospero abruptly end the revels?
Ans: Prospero abruptly ends the revel because he suddenly remembers the plot of Trinculo, Sebastian, and Caliban to murder him.
(III).In what way was the vision unreal? What happens finally according to Prospero to the world and its grand buildings?
Ans: The revel's vision was unbelievable the on-screen characters were all spirits, and they liquefied noticeable all around as non-existent fixings. Prospero says that the world and its great structures will break down as their program broke down.
(IV).How does Prospero show that everything on earth has its end?
Ans: Prospero indicated that everything on earth has its end as he says that cloud-topped towers, flawless spots, and grave sanctuaries will get broke up itself, leaving not so much as a wisp of cloud behind.
(V).What does Prospero, tell Ferdinand about the revels?
Ans: Prospero reveals to Ferdinand that on-screen characters in the revel were all spirits and they all liquefied in air, as non-existent fixings.
(VI).Give the meaning of the following words as they are used in the context of the passage:
(a) dismayed: cause
(b) inherit: receive
EXTRACT 9
ARIEL. I told you, sir, they were red-hot with drinking,
So full of valor that they smote the air
For breathing in their faces; beat the ground
For kissing of their feet; yet always bending
Towards their project. Then I beat my tabor,
At which, like unback’d colts they prick’d their ears,
Advanced60 their eyelids, lifted up their noses
As they smelt music. So I charm’d their ears
That calf-like they my lowing follow’d through
Tooth’d briers, sharp furzes, pricking goss, and thorns,
Which ent’red their frail shins. At last I left them
I’ th’ filthy-mantled pool beyond your cell,
(I).Who are they referred to in the first extract? Where are they?
Ans: Stephano, Trinculo, and Caliban are referred to as 'they' in the first extract. They are in the tarnished scummy lake behind Prospero's room.
(II).Describe what they were doing drunk? What was their project(line 5)?
Ans: They were blowing up on-air for blowing all over, and they were beating the ground for kissing their feet, yet they were pushing ahead in their venture, which was first to discover the wellspring of the tune music and furthermore to murder Prospero.
(III).Describe the scene that followed when Ariel beat the tabor.
Ans: When Ariel thumps the tabor(small drum), they(Sebastian, Trinculo, and Caliban) listened carefully and opened their eyes, and being mindful they begun searching for the wellspring of music. Ariel additionally tortures them through prickly bushes and hedges which visited their transgressions.
(IV).Finally, where did Ariel leave them and in what condition?
Ans: At long last Ariel left them in the rank smelling lake concealing their body to their jaws, behind Prospero's home.
(V).What further assignment does Prospero give to Ariel?
Ans: Prospero further allocates Ariel to remain imperceptible and bring all his extravagant garments out of his home.
(VI).Give the meaning of the following words as they are used in the context of the passage:
(a) valour: showing courage
(b) Advanced: lifted
EXTRACT 10
PROSPERO. A devil, a born devil, on whose nature
Nurture can never stick; on whom my pains,
Humanely taken, all, all lost, quite lost;
And as with age his body uglier grows,
So his mind cankers. I will plague them all,
Even to roaring.
Enter ARIEL, loaden with glistering apparel, etc.
Come, hang them on this line.
PROSPERO and ARIEL remain, invisible. Enter CALIBAN,
STEPHANO, and TRINCULO, all wet.
(I).Whom has Prospero wanted to be summoned? Why?
Ans: Prospero wanted Caliban, Stephano, and Trinculo to be summoned because Prospero wanted to punish and torment them for their sins, and their plot to kill him.
(II).Why is Caliban referred to as "born devil"? What is the impact of education on him? Give two instances to substantiate your answer.
Ans: Caliban is referred to as "born devil" because Prospero carried him up with honest goals and showed him language and signs so he can impart better, however Caliban utilized it to revile Prospero. Generally speaking, Prospero is selfish for all that he educated to him. Two occasions to prove answer are: 1. Caliban attempted to attack Miranda. 2.Caliban's arrangement to murder Prospero.
(III).What are Caliban's physical features? Why was Prospero annoyed with him? How do Prospero plan to deal with him and his companions?
Ans: Caliban is a terrible beast, who was the leader of the island before Prospero resulted in these present circumstances island and now he is his slave. Prospero says that his body and his brain is turning out to be uglier step by step. He is irritated with him since he is careless for every one of those that he has instructed to him. Prospero plans to manage him and his partners by torturing them.
(IV).From where did Ariel get the glittering garments? Why were they hung in the line?
Ans: Ariel brought the glittering garments from Prospero's house. They were hung on the line so that Caliban, Trinculo, and Stephano could utilize the line as a shower to come out from that malodorous lake and wear those articles of clothing as their own garments were dirty.
(V).How did Caliban, Stephano and Trinculo get wet?
Ans: Caliban, Stephano, and Trinculo were wet because they just got out from the grimy and scummy lake, with their bodies smelling because of foul water.
(VI).Give the meaning of the following words as they are used in the context of the passage:
(a) Nurture: breeding
(b) cankers: becoming poisonous
EXTRACT 11
TRINCULO. Ay, but to lose our bottles in the pool—
STEPHANO. There is not only disgrace and dishonor in
that, monster, but an infinite loss.
TRINCULO. That’s more to me than my wetting; yet this
is your harmless fairy, monster!
STEPHANO. I will fetch off my bottle, though I be o’er
ears for my labor.
CALIBAN. Prithee, my king, be quiet. Seest thou here,
This is the mouth o’ the cell. No noise, and enter.
Do that good mischief which may make this island
Thine own for ever, and I, thy Caliban,
For aye thy foot-licker.
(I).What are a disgrace and an infinite loss? Where was the previous article lost? How?
Ans: The disgrace and infinite loss are of the wine bottle which was lost. It was lost in the stinking pool where Trinculo, Stephano, and Caliban were left by Ariel.
(II).Who is a harmless fairy? According to Caliban who is to marry the harmless fairy?
Ans: Ariel is a harmless fairy.
(III).Who is referred to as my king? Where are the king and Caliban? Why is the king requested to be quiet?
Ans: "My king" is referred to Stephano by Caliban. King and Caliban are before Prospero's house with the plot to murder Prospero. Lord is mentioned to be calm so that Prospero doesn't think about their arrangement and they convey their arrangement effectively, with no disturbance.
(IV).What is good mischief? How would the three benefit from this mischief?
Ans: Good mischief is the plot to murder Prospero. The three are benefitted by this mischief because:1. Caliban would get free from Prospero's authority.2. Stephano would become the king of the island and would marry Miranda.3. Trinculo would become the viceroy of Stephano.
(V).Which subplot involving Caliban is referred to in this extract? How is the subplot integrated into the main plot?
Ans: The subplot of murdering Prospero is referred to in this extract.
(VI).Give the meaning of the following words as they are used in the context of the passage:
(a) disgrace: loss of reputation
(b) o'er ears:(here) Stephano say that he will even "go down" again into the pond to get his wine bottle
EXTRACT 12
CALIBAN. The dropsy drown this fool! what do you
mean
To dote thus on such luggage? Let’t alone
And do the murder first. If he awake,
From toe to crown he’ll fill our skins with pinches,
Make us strange stuff.
STEPHANO. Be you quiet, monster. Mistress line, is not
this my jerkin? Now is the jerkin under the line. Now,
jerkin, you are like to lose your hair, and prove a bald
jerkin.
TRINCULO. Do, do; we steal by line and level, and’t
like your Grace
STEPHANO. I thank thee for that jest; here’s a garment
for’t. Wit shall not go unrewarded while I am king of
this country. “Steal by line and level” is an excellent
pass of pate; there’s another garment for’t.
(I).What is meant by "Dropsy drown this fool! "? Why is Caliban annoyed with Trinculo?
Ans: "Dropsy drown this fool " means 'hell with this idiot'. Caliban is annoyed with Trinculo because he isn't not kidding about the play and insane behind the extravagant garments of a closet.
(II).What was the murder plan? If it is done, what would follow?
Ans: Murder's plan was to kill Prospero. If it was not done, then Prospero will cover their skin with squeezes from head to toe, making them weird animals.
(III).What is referred to as a mistress line and as underline? What allusion is there in their usage?
(IV).What is meant by, "Steal by line and level"? Why does Stephano give Trinculo another garment?
Ans: "Steal by line and level" means stealing something systematically. Stephano gives Trinculo other garments because Stephano wants to exchange the clothes with which Trinculo has worked.
(V).Where did they finally go?
Ans: They at long last fled as Prospero tortured was going to torture them.
(VI).Give the meaning of the following words as they are used in the context of the passage:
(a) luggage: needless weight
(b) line and level: systematically
EXTRACT 13
PROSPERO. Fury, Fury! there, Tyrant, there! hark, hark!
CALIBAN, STEPHANO, and TRINCULO are driven out.
Go charge my goblins that they grind their joints
With dry convulsions, shorten up their sinews
With aged cramps, and more pinch-spotted make them
Than pard or cat o’ mountain.
ARIEL. Hark, they roar!
PROSPERO. Let them be hunted soundly. At this hour
Lie at my mercy all mine enemies.
Shortly shall all my labors end, and thou
Shalt have the air at freedom. For a little
Follow, and do me service.
(I).Who are Fury and Tyrant? What are they asked to do?
Ans: Fury and Tyrant are the two spirits disguised in the form of dogs and hounds. They are asked to chase Caliban, Stephano, Trinculo and torment them.
(II).Why are Caliban, Stephano, and Trinculo punished?
Ans: Caliban, Stephano, and Trinculo are punished because they were wanting to slaughter Prospero, so as to show them a thing or two Prospero chooses to rebuff them.
(III).How does Prospero intend further to punish the three culprits?
Ans: He asks Ariel to pursue the three guilty parties and torture them by fixing their muscles like the spasms of mature age, and cause them to endure until they are more spotted than a wild cat.
(IV).Finally, what happens to the three culprits at the end? What does it show about Prospero?
Ans: They are tortured and pursued by spirits toward the end. It indicated the incomparability of Prospero over the three offenders.
(V).How is the theme of forgiveness carried out in the play?
(VI).Give the meaning of the following words as they are used in the context of the passage:
(a) convulsions: sudden movement of the body
(b) pard: leopard